Worms - scientifically "helminths" - parasites in the human body. There are 200 known types of human parasites. They have their own structure, symptoms, method of penetration into the body. Parasites are divided into bio, geo, contact helminths.
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- Biohelminths. They represent parasites that change "hosts". From insects, molluscs to bulls and humans. Representatives: tapeworms - cattle, pigs, echinococci.
- Geohelminths. Combine the worms with a single "host". Roundworms, whipworms, nekator - the most famous worms.
- Contact Helminths. The difference between contact helminths in the ease of infection by using patient items. Pinworms are a brilliant representative, a common type of helminth.
Common Types of Helminths in Humans
The treatment of helminthiasis involves knowledge of the types of human worms. The color of the worms ranges from white to reddish brown. There are clear worms - difficult to diagnose.
round worms
Roundworms are a type of worm with a round cross section, similar to earthworms. Representatives:
- Roundworms are a parasitic worm that lives in the small intestine, reaching a length of 40 cm. The average life of roundworms is 1 year. Worms take a long path of development, starting with the intestines, lungs, developing from an egg to a larva in the ground and again entering the intestine. Roundworms are found in humans and animals. A person is not infected with animal worms.
- Pinworms are the simplest white parasites, 0, 3-1, 2 cm in size. They are infected by shaking hands, underwear, inhaling dust, with roundworm eggs. The life of pinworms is short - at most 2 months. Pinworms often appear in children.
- Trichinella is a 0. 4 cm long parasite whose source of infestation is raw pork meat infected with larvae. Treating trichinosis is a difficult task. A person can only partially get rid of the worms. The reason is the peculiarity of your life. Trichinella adults mate in the intestines and die. Eggs from the intestine enter the muscles, where they are located and can parasitize for years.
- Vlasoglava is a representative of the round worms, 3 cm long, which inhabit the large intestine. Helminths stick to the intestinal wall, suck blood. The lifespan of a worm is 5 years.
Tapeworms
The tape parasites got their name due to the peculiarities of the body structure, which looks like a tape. The flatworm can grow up to 20 m in size.
- Beef tapeworm is a large worm 10 m long, the causes of infection are insufficient roasting of beef. If there is a tapeworm egg in the meat, infection will occur.
- Pork tapeworm is similar to beef tapeworm, only 5 times shorter. The source of infection is pork.
- Large tapeworm - an adult helminth reaches a length of 15 m. You can get infected with tapeworm from fish that live in freshwater springs.
- Echinococcus is considered the most dangerous. The ability to penetrate the liver causes echinococcal cysts. Carriers of adult dogs, cats. Length - 4 cm. The invasion takes place through dirty doorknobs, toilet seats.
suckers
The group got its name from the way it parasites on humans.
- The Siberian worm has, on average, 1 cm in length and its ingestion is caused by the consumption of fish without salt and not thermally processed. It parasitizes the human gallbladder.
- Parasitic fasciola in the gallbladder, has a length of up to 7 cm. The route of infection is raw water.
Parasite Infestation Methods
People who do not take care of hygiene and cleaning at home can contract helminthiasis. Under the blow fall "cleaning", convulsively washing hands after the street, well frying the meat. Depending on the type of helminths, infection occurs in different ways.
- Oral-fecal - helminth eggs enter through the mouth.
- Contact - the method is common when infected with pinworms. Helminths lay eggs in the anus, causing itching, and brushing inseminates the hands. With dirty hands, the infected person transfers the eggs to objects, doorknobs, etc.
- Across the water. Raw water is where the helminth larvae (fasciola), which are dangerous to health, live.
- Through the soil - sand, the soil is infected with helminth eggs. It pays to monitor the length of the nails, if you have to dig in the ground, wash your hands well. Eggs can be ingested through unwashed food.
You can be infected by insect bites - a very rare case.
helminthiasis symptoms
The first symptoms appear when helminthiasis reaches its peak. Symptoms appear depending on the type of worm.
A marked decrease in weight, an emaciated appearance, body aches, pale skin and an itchy anus are unmistakable signs of invasion.
Disorders of the gastric tract: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea and flatulence, abdominal pain near the navel - a sign of the presence of helminths located in the intestines.
The appearance of rashes, nails and brittle hair is indirect, but it is an indicator of infection. With worms in the body of an adult, a child, intoxication occurs with the waste of worms. The body habitually perceives human proteins as allergens, which causes skin rashes. Diseases like allergic rhinitis or urticaria, bronchial asthma are a helminthic symptom.
A persistent headache is a symptom of worms. In cases where it is impossible to establish a diagnosis, the cause of the headaches, analgesics do not help.
A decrease in immunity, an immune response, indicates a clear weakening of the body that comes with helminthiasis. Stomatitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, vaginosis - make you think about helminth prevention. All kinds of diseases can affect the human body.
The presence of worms is indicated by incurable diseases for a long time. An organ defeated by worms does not respond to treatment.
Diagnosis of helminth invasion
Diagnosis, treatment - must be entrusted to professionals. An infectious disease physician who diagnoses helminthiasis will be able to draw correct conclusions. Infectologists will be able to understand and determine the cause of the disease, location and prescribe treatment.
Parasites live in the intestines, organs and tissues. Diagnosing a separate area will not help recreate the image. Depending on the affected organ, tissue, the purpose of treatment depends.
For a complete diagnosis, it's worth taking a complete body exam: x-rays, taking to test feces, urine, sputum from the lungs, scraping the anus, scraping the navel, vagina (for girls), blood.
With x-rays, they see a possible movement of worms in the lungs - roundworms. In the blood, a large number of eosinophils indicates the presence of helminths. Fecal analysis is checked for the presence of worm eggs. It is easy to prescribe a treatment for worms. The sputum is removed to check for the presence of ascaris larvae, etc.
If there is an incident of helminths, it is worth starting therapy right away.
Treatment
After complete diagnosis, in the presence of helminths, treatment is prescribed - drug, popular or complex. It's real to cure worms. They don't heal for long, but it all depends on the severity of the invasion.
Pharmaceutical preparations
Medication is a more effective solution for helminths. After helminthiasis treatment, the appearance of worms in people is reduced with personal hygiene conditions.
Chemotherapy drugs are used to eliminate parasites from the body. Here they are more appropriate. They are committed to influencing the biostructure, the bioprocesses of the parasite. By interrupting work and paralyzing the worms, the pills support the task, and the worms are excreted from the body in the feces.
The dosage, time interval and medication are prescribed by the doctor. In that case, the worm disease will be eliminated.
popular ways
Nature is varied - there are many ways to heal. The fight against worms has ancient roots. Traditional medicine is indicated for those who have some type of contraindications, allergic reactions to medications.
The main set of herbs, anthelmintic products: walnuts, pumpkin seeds, garlic, wormwood, tansy.
The wormwood plant will help if the worms show up. Absinthe tincture is effective for worms, roundworms. Pumpkin seeds, garlic are eaten simply, without further processing. Tansy, like absinthe, is infused and then used. These funds can be used as an anthelmintic or prophylactic agent.
After this treatment, the worms leave the body.
Helminth prevention
If there are no signs of infection but the likelihood of it developing is frightening, prevention is worth doing. The most effective is medication. When it comes to self-help, you can do this without pills.
To do prevention, you need to understand where worms start, how they multiply. Personal hygiene is important, but food must not be forgotten. When eating dried fish or sushi, the steak with blood runs the risk of being infected by worms.
Personal hygiene, keeping the house, pets, families clean, eating only thermally processed foods, washed vegetables, wild fruits, fruits - will save you from worm infestation.